{"id":334,"date":"2020-10-20T23:18:08","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T23:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/?p=334"},"modified":"2020-10-21T15:13:17","modified_gmt":"2020-10-21T15:13:17","slug":"survey-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/2020\/10\/20\/survey-4\/","title":{"rendered":"Survey 4"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Invention of Braille<\/strong> (1824)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"88\" src=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-1024x88.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-1024x88.png 1024w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-768x66.png 768w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1.png 1153w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">The history of braille &#8211; Typography<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Braille is a reading system created for the visually impaired. Invented by Louis Braille, it is a revolutionary method of communication that, for the first time, allowed blind people to have fair access to literacy opportunities. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-1024x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"341\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/2020\/10\/20\/survey-4\/louis-braille-system-reading-blind-notation\/\" class=\"wp-image-341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation-1200x1200.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Louis-Braille-system-reading-blind-notation.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">Louis Braille<br>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Louis-Braille<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Braille writing system is based on Night Writing, an existing method of written communication developed by French soldiers in order to read in the dark. However, that system was impractical as it could not be read with only one finger &#8211; and the letters were made up of twelve dots instead of six &#8211; which made it more difficult to write.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Braille writing system consists of raised dots that represent each letter of the alphabet, numbers, letter groupings, as well as punctuation. The system has a total of 63 characters. Braille is read in the same direction as written words: from left to right along each line on a page. It is made up of raised dots placed in six possible positions in a cell, read using the fingertip of the index finger. The characters were traditionally embossed on paper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"431\" src=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/jfk.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"340\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/jfk.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/2020\/10\/20\/survey-4\/jfk\/\" class=\"wp-image-340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/jfk.png 1024w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/jfk-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/jfk-768x323.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">The Braille alphabet<br>https:\/\/www.pharmabraille.com\/pharmaceutical-braille\/the-braille-alphabet\/<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"88\" src=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-1024x88.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-328\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-1024x88.png 1024w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-300x26.png 300w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1-768x66.png 768w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/Untitled-drawing-2-1.png 1153w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>Braille and Society &#8211; Cultural Impact<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The invention of braille had a significant cultural impact. For all of prior history, blind people were unable to fully participate in social and political life due to a lack of accessible printed information. Before the introduction of Braille in society, blind people mainly communicated through speech and has to rely on sighted individuals to assist them in their everyday lives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to Braille, blind and visually impaired people were capable of reading, writing, and counting like sighted people. Having access to Braille removes literacy inequalities the visually impaired would otherwise face.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/sdv-1024x658.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"342\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/sdv.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/2020\/10\/20\/survey-4\/sdv\/\" class=\"wp-image-342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/sdv-1024x658.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/sdv-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/sdv-768x494.jpg 768w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/11090\/2020\/10\/sdv.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption\">Braille is used on signs.<br>http:\/\/www.s2k.com.au\/product\/braille3d-tactile-signs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Braille is just as important in society today as it was when first created. It has been adapted to nearly all languages, allowing blind people all over the world to have equal educational opportunities as the sighted. Access to Braille is also synonymous with greater independence for many blind individuals; 74% of visually impaired people educated using print required social assistance, while only 49% of those educated with braille did. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\">Bibliography<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/exhibits\/louis-braille\/overview.html\">https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/exhibits\/louis-braille\/overview.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/etec540sept12\/2012\/10\/28\/braille-moving-the-blind-community-from-oral-to-literate\/#:~:text=The%20key%20benefit%20of%20Braille,independence%20closer%20to%20full%20participation.\">https:\/\/blogs.ubc.ca\/etec540sept12\/2012\/10\/28\/braille-moving-the-blind-community-from-oral-to-literate\/#:~:text=The%20key%20benefit%20of%20Braille,independence%20closer%20to%20full%20participation.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Braille-writing-system\">https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Braille-writing-system<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Invention of Braille (1824) The history of braille &#8211; Typography Braille is a reading system created for the visually impaired. Invented by Louis Braille, it is a revolutionary method of communication that, for the first time, allowed blind people to have fair access to literacy opportunities. The Braille writing system is based on Night [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11061,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-334","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ides-141"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/334","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11061"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=334"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/334\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":344,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/334\/revisions\/344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=334"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=334"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/anaisbayle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=334"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}