{"id":246,"date":"2019-11-06T18:28:52","date_gmt":"2019-11-06T18:28:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/?page_id=246"},"modified":"2019-11-13T10:33:05","modified_gmt":"2019-11-13T10:33:05","slug":"malaysia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/malaysia\/","title":{"rendered":"Malaysia Employment Relations"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Introduction and Overview of the Country<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Malaysia, located at south-east Asia, consisting of two geographical regions separated by the South China Sea: Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia) and Malaysian Borneo (East Malaysia) (nationsonline.org, n.d.). West Malaysia shares the borders with Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia (nationsonline.org, n.d.). East Malaysia shares borders with Brunei, Indonesia, Philippine and Vietnam (nationsonline.org, n.d.). Malaysia covers a total area of 329,847 Km2, consisting of 13 states and three federal territories. Kuala Lumpur is the capital city of Malaysia. The population of Malaysia is estimated at 32 million in 2019 (nationsonline.org, n.d.). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"495\" src=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/381\/2019\/11\/map-of-malaysia-max.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/381\/2019\/11\/map-of-malaysia-max.jpg 800w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/381\/2019\/11\/map-of-malaysia-max-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/381\/2019\/11\/map-of-malaysia-max-768x475.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><figcaption>Map of Malaysia (<a href=\"http:\/\/ontheworldmap.com\/malaysia\/\">http:\/\/ontheworldmap.com\/malaysia\/<\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the Department of Statistics Malaysia (2019), the Malaysian labor force was 15.3 million with an employment rate of 68% and an unemployment rate of 3.3% in 2018. The male labor force participation rate is 80.4% (9.3 million), and the female labor force participation rate is 55.2% (6 million). Moreover, high-skilled employment occupies 27.2% of Malaysian total employment, semi-skilled employment occupies 60.4%, and low-skilled employment accounts for 12.4% of Malaysian total employment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Employment\nlaw in Malaysia is generally governed by the following Acts (Tan &amp; Prashant,\n2019):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/travail\/docs\/1496\/Employment%20Act%201955.pdf\">The Employment Act 1955<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/natlex\/docs\/ELECTRONIC\/48066\/99440\/F1841123767\/MYS48066.pdf\">Industrial Relations Act 1967<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.social-protection.org\/gimi\/RessourcePDF.action;jsessionid=yvh4FMXCFUuLGtTD0e_xxRCZ9bQwmNm4lyMKacRlOha5rQBOGNiv!2015759462?id=40981\">Employment Regulations 1980<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/natlex\/docs\/ELECTRONIC\/43880\/99441\/F1515447514\/MYS43880%202017.pdf\">Employees&#8217; Provident Fund Act 1991<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/travail\/docs\/1626\/Employees'%20Social%20Security%20Act%201969%20-%20www.agc.gov.my.pdf\">Employees&#8217; Social Security Act 1969<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.federalgazette.agc.gov.my\/outputaktap\/aktaBI_20171228_WJW010232BI.pdf\">Employment Insurance System Act 2017<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/wbgfiles.worldbank.org\/documents\/hdn\/ed\/saber\/supporting_doc\/EAP\/Teachers\/Malaysia\/TRADE_UNION_ACT_1959%20(ACT%20262).pdf\">Trade Unions Act 1959<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/natlex\/docs\/ELECTRONIC\/14984\/99465\/F1817223295\/MYS14984%202016.pdf\">Factories and Machineries Act 1967<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/travail\/docs\/1628\/Occupational%20Safety%20and%20Health%20Act%201994%20-%20www.agc.gov.my.pdf\">Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/asean.org\/storage\/2016\/06\/MA4_Workmes-Compensation-Act-1952-Act-273.pdf\">Workmen&#8217;s Compensation Act 1952<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/natlex\/docs\/ELECTRONIC\/48059\/85300\/F123254033\/MYS48059.pdf\">The Children and Young Persons (Employment) Act 1966<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The recognition of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trade_unions_in_Malaysia\">trade unions in Malaysia<\/a> is governed by the TUA 1959 and the IRA 1967. There are 875,193 (6% of 14.5 million) workers are currently union members, and the number of unions and unionized workers are decreasing. The unions have weakened positions to support the workers through pickets, strikes or campaigns against employers. What\u2019s more, the unions lodge complaints with relevant government institutions, which processes can last for many years (Hector, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Recruitment Practices<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are several hiring methods that can be used in Malaysia. The traditional recruitment methods are printed advertisements. And the most popular recruitment methods are online portals, and social media recruiting. Moreover, the internal transfer, referral program, on-campus hiring, the social\/business network, and recruitment agencies are other alternative methods for recruitment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Top online job search sites are<\/strong> <strong>below<\/strong> <strong>(Mudhakkir, 2017): <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>JobStreet<ul><li> considered as the largest online employment company in Southeast Asia <\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Monster<ul><li>Paid job postings start at USD118<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>MauKerja<ul><li>Paid job postings start at RM400<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>SPA Malaysia<ul><li>A portal owned by Malaysia government<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>Glassdoor<\/li><li>LinkedIn<\/li><li>Indeed<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Selection Practices<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Malaysia\norganizations follow the Western practice of selecting managerial employees\nfrom both internal sources and external sources. The internal sources are\npromoted employees or transferred employees, whereas the external sources are\ncandidates from the outside of the company (Othman, 2001). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Malaysia\norganizations preferred to use the hurdle approach, which applicants have to\nmeet minimum requirements in order to the next stages. Applicants who don\u2019t\nmeet the requirements are not qualified for further consideration. Compare to\nthe multiple regression approach, the hurdle method is to save more costs and\nshorten the process of selection (Othman, 2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\npreferred tools using for selection in Malaysia are interviews, resume,\napplication forms, biodata, recommendations and references (Othman, 2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The process of selection has the following stages (sgs.my, n.d.):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Scanning applications<\/li><li>Telephone interview<\/li><li>First-round interview<\/li><li>Assessment<\/li><li>Second-round interview<\/li><li>Reference check<\/li><li>Selection decision and offer<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Miscellaneous Information<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Work Visas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to get a work visa, the applicant should have a passport valid for at least 18 months. The applicant must be <strong>27 years old above<\/strong> (minimum of 23 years old in the IT sector). The applicants usually get work permits validated for a period between <strong>6 months to 5 years <\/strong>(Just Landed, n.d.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There\nare three types of work passes depend on the different types of job and skills\n(Just Landed, n.d.):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Employment Pass:<\/strong> employees with specific skills normally get the pass for more than 2 years\u2019 validity.<\/li><li><strong>Temporary Employment Pass:<\/strong> the pass is usually      issued for less than 2 years, and the monthly salary is less than RM 5000.<\/li><li><strong>Professional Visit Pass:<\/strong> the pass is issued for a foreigner who is required to provide services to a Malaysian company for a period of up to 6 months. In addition, the person has already been employed      at home country, and will return to the home country after six months.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Working Conditions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>the\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/dyn\/travail\/docs\/1496\/Employment%20Act%201955.pdf\">Employment Act of 1955<\/a> restricts that an employee\nmay have a maximum 48-hour working week with a maximum of 8 hours per day and\nsix days a week.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Employers\nmust pay the monthly salaries before the 7<sup>th<\/sup> day after the last day\nof any wage. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nminimum pay in Malaysia is RM1000 per month is Peninsular Malaysia, and RM920\nper month in Sabah, Sarawak, and Labuan. What\u2019s more, the minimum wage for\ndomestic helps is RM900.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Employers\nhave to pay 1.5 times of salary if the employers work overtime on normal working\ndays, two times of hourly salary on the rest day, and 3 times on public\nholidays (Balakrishnan, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Holidays and Leave Entitlement<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3.1 Public Holidays<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is <strong>11 minimum paid holidays<\/strong> per year, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chinese New Year, Maulidur Rasul, The Yang di-Pertuan Agong\u2019s Birthday, Wesak Day, Labour Day, Awal Muharram, Hari Merdeka (National Day), Hari Raya Puasa (2 days), Hari Raya Qurban, Deepavali, Christmas, and Malaysia Day. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3.2 Annual Leave<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-8\ndays paid annual leave for employees have worked with the same employer for a\nperiod of one to two years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-12\ndays paid annual leave for employees who have the same employer for a period of\nthree to five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-16\ndays paid annual leave for employees who have worked with the same employer for\na period of more than 6 years (Balakrishnan, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3.3 Sick Leave<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-Employees should have <strong>14 sick leave days<\/strong> if they have been employed with the same employer for a period of one to two years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-Employees\nshould have 14 sick leave days if they have worked with the same employer for a\nperiod of one to two years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-18\nsick leave days if they have worked with the same employer for more than three\nyears but less than five years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-22\nsick leave days if they have worked with the same employer for more than 6 years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In\naddition, there are 60 days for hospitalization, and 60 consecutive days with\nMaternity Leave (Balakrishnan, 2017). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. Termination of Employment<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Four weeks, six weeks, and eight weeks notice should be given to the employees who have been employed for less than two years, two to five years, and more than five years respectively (Balakrishnan, 2017).\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bibliography<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Balakrishnan, N. (2017).&nbsp;<em>Annual Leave Days And Other\nLegal Rights You Have As An Employee In Malaysia<\/em>. [online] SAYS. Available at:\nhttps:\/\/says.com\/my\/lifestyle\/your-rights-as-an-employee-in-malaysia [Accessed\n13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dosm.gov.my. (2018).&nbsp;<em>Department of Statistics Malaysia\nOfficial Portal<\/em>. [online]\nAvailable at:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dosm.gov.my\/v1\/index.php?r=column\/cthemeByCat&amp;cat=126&amp;bul_id=ekU0SG1yQk1wcExKUDhvN2RHTlhjZz09&amp;menu_id=U3VPMldoYUxzVzFaYmNkWXZteGduZz09\">https:\/\/www.dosm.gov.my\/v1\/index.php?r=column\/cthemeByCat&amp;cat=126&amp;bul_id=ekU0SG1yQk1wcExKUDhvN2RHTlhjZz09&amp;menu_id=U3VPMldoYUxzVzFaYmNkWXZteGduZz09<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hector, C. (2017).\u00a0<em>The state of the labour movement in Malaysia<\/em>. [online] Malaysiakini. Available at: https:\/\/www.malaysiakini.com\/news\/402157 [Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Just Landed. (n.d.).&nbsp;<em>Work Visas<\/em>. [online]\nAvailable at:\nhttps:\/\/www.justlanded.com\/english\/Malaysia\/Malaysia-Guide\/Visas-Permits\/Work-Visas\n[Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mudhakkir, A. (2017).&nbsp;<em>The Different Types of Job Search Sites in Malaysia and Their Advantages<\/em>. [online] RinggitPlus. Available at: https:\/\/ringgitplus.com\/en\/blog\/Career\/The-Different-Types-of-Job-Search-Sites-in-Malaysia-and-Their-Advantages.html [Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nationsonline.org. (n.d.).&nbsp;<em>Malaysia &#8211;\nCountry Profile &#8211; Nations Online Project<\/em>. [online] Available at:\nhttps:\/\/www.nationsonline.org\/oneworld\/malaysia.htm [Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Othman, Z. (2011).&nbsp;<em>Critical study of the\nmanagerial selection practices in Malaysian business organisations<\/em>. [ebook] Available\nat:\nhttps:\/\/ro.ecu.edu.au\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1151&#038;context=theses_hons\n[Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sgs.my. (n.d.).&nbsp;<em>Recruitment Process<\/em>. [online] Available at: https:\/\/www.sgs.my\/en\/our-company\/careers\/recruitment-process [Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tan, J. and Prashant, J. (2019).&nbsp;<em>Employment\n&amp; Labour Law 2019 | Malaysia | ICLG<\/em>. [online] International Comparative\nLegal Guides International Business Reports. Available at:\nhttps:\/\/iclg.com\/practice-areas\/employment-and-labour-laws-and-regulations\/malaysia\n[Accessed 13 Nov. 2019].<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction and Overview of the Country Malaysia, located at south-east Asia, consisting of two geographical regions separated by the South China Sea: Peninsular Malaysia (West Malaysia) and Malaysian Borneo (East Malaysia) (nationsonline.org, n.d.). West Malaysia shares the borders with Thailand, Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia (nationsonline.org, n.d.). East Malaysia shares borders with Brunei, Indonesia, Philippine and &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/malaysia\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Malaysia Employment Relations&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9976,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-246","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9976"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=246"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/246\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":385,"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/246\/revisions\/385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}