{"id":75,"date":"2019-10-23T18:16:56","date_gmt":"2019-10-23T18:16:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/?page_id=75"},"modified":"2019-11-13T20:03:44","modified_gmt":"2019-11-13T20:03:44","slug":"india-informal-sector","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eportfolios.capilanou.ca\/laurieprangemartin\/india-informal-sector\/","title":{"rendered":"India (Informal sector)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
  1. Introduction\nand overview of the country<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    In this paper, I am going to provide and\nanalyse the informal sector in India. Before hand, it is important to properly\nhave an overview knowledge on India\u2019s history, geography, demography and economy.\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    History: <\/strong>The National portal of India states that \u201c<\/strong>India is one of the oldest civilizations\nin the world with a kaleidoscopic variety and rich cultural heritage\u201d (NIC,\n2019). India is one of the countries with huge varieties of religion, tribes\nand languages. India is a former colony of the United Kingdom until they got \u201ctheir\nindependence from the British the 15th<\/sup> August 1947\u201d (NIC, 2019). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Geography:<\/strong>  India is located\nin the southern Asia and it is one of the largest countries in the world. For\ninstance, the National portal of India states that, \u201cIndia is built on 3.3\nmillion square kilometres with Afghanistan and\nPakistan to the north-west; China, Bhutan and Nepal to the north; Myanmar to\nthe east; and Bangladesh to the east of West Bengal. Sri Lanka is separated\nfrom India by a narrow channel of sea, formed by Palk Strait and the Gulf of\nMannar. In addition, India occupies a major portion of the south Asian subcontinent\nand India is the\n7th largest country in the world\u201d (NIC, 2019).  India is well located around countries that\nare among key players in today\u2019s economy, which is considered as a plus for\nIndia in term of possibility of growth. Therefore, India is well blessed in\nterm of geography and is worth studying to fully understand India.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Demography:<\/strong>   India is the second largest countries in the\nworld and it has high growth rate.  For\ninstance, the National portal of India reports that \u201cIndia is 1,210,193,422 (623.7 million males and\n586.4 million females) with the average annual\nexponential growth rate stands at 1.64 per cent during 2001-2011. In addition,\nthe average birth and death rate is respectively 18.3 and 7.3 in 2009; the\naverage life expectancy rate is 65.8 years\n(Males); 68.1 years (Females) in the period 2006-2011\u201d (NIC, 2019).\nAccordingly, India is still growing and at this rate of growth proper attentions\nneed to be given to its populations as the right management can bring the best\nof high number of its citizens vis versa if it is poorly managed. The first\nstep to that proper management is through education. For instance, according to the provisional results of the 2011\ncensus of India, the National portal of India reports that \u201cthe literacy rate\nin the Country stands at 74.04 per cent, 82.14% for males and 65.46% for females\u201d\n(NIC, 2019). These results explain that one third (1\/3) of Indian are\nilliterate and there are rooms to make it ideal in order to reach total literacy\nlevel in India. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Economy: <\/strong> India\u2019s economyhas experienced an\neconomic reform from Neoliberalism to liberalism, which led India to face rapid\ndevelopment. For instance, Verma and Sundar reports that, \u201cthe new economic\npolicy, introduced in 1991, marked a decisive shift from heavy regulation to\nliberalisation, privatisation and globalisation (LPG)\u201d (Verma and Sundar,\n2019). Thus, this new era has taken India into another phase of growth, but it\ncomes with challenges. As of today, India is one of the semi-periphery\ncountries in the world.  For Instance, the National portal of India reports\nthat, \u201cIndia has become self-sufficient in\nagricultural production and is now one of the top industrialised countries in\nthe world and one of the few nations to have gone into outer space to conquer\nnature for the benefit of the people\u201d (NIC, 2019). Therefore, India is an\nexample to follow by many developing countries that are struggling to be self-sufficient\nin agricultural production, which is very crucial in the development of any\nnations. India is now upgraded into an industrialised country and they are\nexcelling in the global level. India\u2019s strength lay on their youthful\ndemographic. Moreover, India\u2019s economy is dominated by informal sectors. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Recruitment\npractices <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                <\/strong>First of all, The National Commission for Enterprises in the\nUnorganised Sector (NCEUS) define Informal sector as \u201cthe\ninformal sector consists of all unincorporated private enterprises owned by\nindividuals or households engaged in the sale and production of goods and\nservices operated on a proprietary or partnership basis and with less than ten\ntotal workers\u201d (Naik,2009). India is still a developing country, with high\nnumber of populations living nearly the poverty line. Relatively, one average\nhouseholds \u2018income is not enough to take care of the necessities of his\/her\nfamily. Thus, low wages push individuals or households to engage in the sale\nand production of goods and services as second means of income to fill in the\ngap. This explain why statistics show that, \u201cIndia is an emerging\neconomy with 457.46 million workers in 2004-05 and the estimated number of\ninformal sector workers in 2004-05 was 394.90 million in India contributing 86\npercent of total workers (Naik, 2009). India has formal and contractual sector\nas well; however, these positions are held by only the elites and\/or few highly\neducated individuals. Thus, the informal sector does do benefit Indians more\nthan the formal if one look close look at it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                How can a\nnewly arrived international organizations legally and efficiently hire local people\nin the country with the government website being down? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    According to Abraham \u201cIn fact, the hiring of formal workers\nby these formal enterprises (FE) has declined over the years. Instead they have\nincreasingly hired informal workers, creating a new form of informal\nemployment, i.e. informal employment in formal enterprises (henceforth IFE).\nThis trend, i.e. the informalization of the formal sector, indicates the\ngrowing tendency of large, formal firms to hire workers under vulnerable and\ninsecure employment arrangements. Labour laws in India have also implicitly\nfacilitated the informalization of the labour force (Chakraborty, 2015)\u201d (Abraham,\n2017). If aiming for the local people in this situation, there are initiatives\ntaken by the government of India such as Make in\nIndia, Digital India, Startup India, Skill India to use technology to facilitates\nthe search and hiring for local people looking for work in their\ncategories of work especially the blue collars jobs at an affordable price to\nall. For instance, My Story reports that, \u201c<\/strong>With these initiatives,\nsmartphone revolution and launch of ‘Jio’ lowering the internet pricing plans;\npeople belonging to BoP or Informal Sector can make use of technology such as\njob portals or job apps to connect with a potential employer and vice\nversa. Now job search or hiring related to the blue-collar sector can be\nsimple, smart and much cheaper than ever\u201d (Jobs,\n2018). These initiatives are very useful for both job seekers and Human\nresource managers (companies) as it facilitates the search for both parties.\nThis initiative can be the game changer for number of Indians, with no\nexception in their economic classes, seeking to work in formal sectors. The\nplatform is well organized that there are categories of blue-collar jobs listed\nbased on each individual needs and skills. For instance, My Story mentioned, \u201cfull\nfledge blue collar job portals, Blue Collar Job Portals catering to Specific Categories; Blue\ncollar service provider and Informal as well as Formal Jobs Portal\u201d (Jobs,2018). Nevertheless, the international organizations in questions\nwill have the workforce they need and the task remaining for the HR\npractitioner in this project is to select the right candidates for the position\nto fill.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n